WAEC 2023/2024 Civic Education (Essay & Obj) Questions and Answers 

WAEC Civic Education Questions and Answers 2023 is an essential resource for candidates preparing for the West African Examination Council (WAEC) Civic Education exam. This comprehensive guide covers both the objectives and essay theory parts of the exam, providing sample questions, answers, and explanations for a better understanding of the subject matter. This article aims to help students achieve success in their WAEC Civic Education exams by providing a thorough overview of the topics and concepts covered in the examination.

 

Introduction to WAEC Civic Education

Civic Education is a vital subject in the WAEC curriculum, as it aims to provide students with an understanding of their rights, responsibilities, and duties as citizens. It covers various aspects of citizenship, including values, human rights, government systems, and the role of citizens in society. The WAEC Civic Education exam is divided into two sections: the Objectives section (Paper 1) and the Essay Theory section (Paper 2).

 

Objectives Questions and Answers

The Objectives section of the WAEC Civic Education exam consists of multiple-choice questions that test the candidate’s understanding of essential concepts in the subject. Below are some sample questions and answers to help you prepare for this section:

 

CIVIC EDUCATION QUESTION 

 

1. :

(i) Responsibility: Civic education instills responsibility in citizens to participate actively in the development and governance of their society and to uphold ethical and moral principles.

(ii) Respect for diversity: Civic education promotes respect for diversity in terms of culture, religion, ethnicity, gender, and socio-economic status.

(iii) Patriotism: Civic education fosters patriotism by instilling a sense of loyalty and commitment to one’s country.

(iv) Critical thinking: Civic education imparts critical thinking skills to citizens, enabling them to make informed decisions, evaluate information, and engage in constructive dialogue.

(v) Social justice: Civic education promotes social justice by emphasizing the need for fair and equal treatment of all members of society.

(b) Citizenship education can contribute to nation building in the following ways:

(i) Increased civic participation: Civic education encourages citizens to participate in decision-making processes and engage in activities that promote social cohesion.

(ii) Effective governance: Citizenship education can develop citizens’ knowledge and skills to participate in governance and hold leaders accountable.

(iii) Promotion of social harmony: Citizenship education can promote social harmony by emphasizing shared values, respect for diversity, and peaceful conflict resolution.

(iv) Economic growth: Citizenship education can develop citizens’ entrepreneurial skills and knowledge, which are key drivers of economic growth.

(v) Active citizenship: Citizenship education can create opportunities for citizens to take active roles in their communities, leading to positive change.

2. (a)
:

(i) Constitutional authority: The extent to which the authority is based on the constitution of the country.

(ii) Democratic legitimacy: The extent to which the authority is elected or appointed through a democratic process.

(iii) Moral legitimacy: The extent to which the authority is supported by societal values and moral principles.

(b) Six factors that facilitate citizens’ obedience to constituted authority in Nigeria include:

(i) Socialization: Citizens are socialized to obey constituted authority through family, religion, and education.

(ii) Fear of punishment: Citizens obey constituted authority to avoid punishment or sanctions.

(iii) Legitimacy: Citizens obey constituted authority when they perceive it to be legitimate and fair.

(iv) Trust: Citizens obey constituted authority when they trust it to act in their best interests and to uphold the rule of law.

(v) Rewards: Citizens may obey constituted authority when they receive rewards, such as access to services or economic opportunities.

(vi) Coercion: Citizens may be coerced to obey constituted authority through the use of force or threats.

3. (a) Inter-communal relationships refer to the interactions between communities and groups of people from different ethnic, religious, or cultural backgrounds.

(b) :

(i) Promotion of social harmony: Inter-communal relationships encourage dialogue, understanding, and cooperation between different groups, leading to social harmony and peaceful coexistence.

(ii) Improved access to resources: Collaboration between communities can increase access to resources, such as education, health care, and infrastructure.

(iii) Economic growth: Inter-communal relationships can foster economic growth by enabling the exchange of goods and services between communities and promoting investment.

(iv) Conflict resolution: Inter-communal relationships can facilitate peaceful conflict resolution by promoting dialogue, negotiation, and compromise.

 

 

*WAEC CIVIC EDUCATION ANSWERS*

(3a) Inter-communal relationships refer to the interactions, connections, and bonds between different communities or ethnic groups within a specific geographical area. It involves the social, cultural, economic, and political interactions that occur among individuals, families, organizations, and institutions from different communities.

(3b) Inter-communal relationships promote community development in Nigeria in several ways:

i. Cultural Exchange and Diversity: Inter-communal relationships provide opportunities for cultural exchange and appreciation. When different communities interact, they share their customs, traditions, languages, arts, and values. This exchange of cultural knowledge and experiences enriches the diversity of Nigerian communities and promotes mutual understanding and tolerance.

ii. Peace and Conflict Resolution: Effective inter-communal relationships contribute to peaceful coexistence and conflict resolution. When communities establish open lines of communication and engage in dialogue, it becomes easier to address misunderstandings, resolve disputes, and prevent conflicts from escalating. Promoting peaceful interactions helps to maintain stability and fosters an environment conducive to development.

iii. Economic Collaboration: Inter-communal relationships can enhance economic development in Nigeria. Communities that collaborate and engage in trade, business partnerships, and resource sharing create economic opportunities and increase productivity. Cooperation among communities can lead to the development of industries, infrastructure, and markets, thereby boosting local economies and improving the living standards of the people.

iv. Social Integration and Unity: Inter-communal relationships foster social integration and unity among diverse groups. When different communities interact positively, stereotypes and prejudices can be challenged and overcome. By promoting inclusivity and a sense of belonging, inter-communal relationships create a unified society where people work together towards common goals, such as education, healthcare, and community development projects.

v. Political Engagement and Representation: Strong inter-communal relationships encourage active political engagement and representation. When communities collaborate, they can collectively advocate for their needs, interests, and rights. This inclusivity helps to ensure that diverse voices are heard in the decision-making processes at various levels of government. It promotes equitable distribution of resources, social justice, and good governance.

 

*WAEC CIVIC EDUCATION*

Number 5

(5a)
i) Mother to child transmission e.g Breast milk.
ii) unprotected sex.
iii) sharing of unsterilized sharp objects.
iv) through unscreened blood transfusion.

(Pick 3)

 

(5b)
i) Too few people with HIV are aware of their infection
ii) Poorly coordinated health system
iii) Poverty
iv) Stigma and discrimination.

(Pick 3)

 

*CIVIC EDUCATION NUMBER 6🇳🇬*

6(a) Six consequences of cultism in society are:

1. Violence and Crime: Cultism is often associated with violence, intimidation, and criminal activities. Cult groups engage in various forms of violence, including physical assault, extortion, kidnapping, and even murder. This not only poses a threat to the safety and security of individuals but also disrupts societal harmony.

2. Social Disruption: Cultism can disrupt social order and cohesion within communities. It creates fear and tension among residents, leading to a breakdown of trust and cooperation. Cult activities can also disrupt academic environments, as they often target schools and campuses.

3. Loss of Lives and Potential: Cult-related violence and conflicts result in the loss of lives and potential. Young people who become involved in cultism may lose their lives prematurely or face imprisonment, denying them the opportunity to contribute positively to society.

4. Drug Abuse and Addiction: Cult groups are known to engage in drug abuse and trafficking. The lure of power and protection associated with cultism often leads members to indulge in substance abuse. This not only poses health risks to individuals but also fuels the drug trade, contributing to societal problems.

5. Recruitment of Youth: Cult groups often target vulnerable youth who may be seeking a sense of belonging, protection, or social identity. The recruitment of young people into cults can disrupt their education, values, and aspirations, trapping them in a cycle of violence and criminal activities.

6. Economic Implications: Cult activities can have negative economic consequences for communities. Businesses may suffer due to extortion and intimidation by cult members, and investment and development projects may be discouraged in areas where cultism is prevalent.

 

*CIVIC EDUCATION*
1B.
1. It helps the citizens to know their rights : The first goal of citizenship education is to help the citizens to identify their fundamental rights and ensure that these rights are not infringed upon. It is this awareness that enables the citizens to seek redress whenever their privileges are denied or violated either by the state, organization or an individual.
2. It promotes responsible citizenship: Citizenship education enables the citizens to be law-abiding in their relationship with the government and fellow citizens in a state.
3. It helps to promote unity in a state: Citizenship education teaches tolerance, love and hospitality. These are the basic ingredients of unity. Citizenship education enables citizens to see far beyond ethnic, tribal and religious lines. Hence, there is a promotion of unity among the diverse groups and interests in society.
4. It promotes law and order in society : Citizenship education enables the citizens to be law-abiding and show respect for the nation’s constitution. Informed citizens will observe decorum in public places, respect other citizens’ rights including respect for constituted authority.
5. It prepares the youths for leadership : Citizenship education equips the youths with the relevant knowledge and skills needed for leadership. It takes informed youths to make a great nation.
6. It helps to promote development and progress in the society : The knowledge of citizenship education creates an environment of unity and peace which enables development and progress in the society.
7. It ensures political stability in the country : A country where people know their rights and obligations tend to enjoy relative peace that enhances political and economic stability in the state. Besides, citizenship education helps to reduce cases of human rights abuses in society. The level of acrimony is reduced thereby ensuring stability in the country.
*[PICK BEST 5]*

 

4a)
1. National Drug Law Enforcement Agency (NDLEA)

2. Nigeria Customs Service (NCS)

3. Nigeria Police Force (NPF)

4b)
Non-adherence to medical advice of certified medical professionals can constitute a threat to the survival of the sick and the society in several ways, including:

1. Worsening of health condition: Non-adherence to medical advice can lead to a worsening of the patient’s health condition, which can lead to complications and even death.

2. Spread of infectious diseases: Non-adherence to medical advice can increase the spread of infectious diseases, as patients who fail to follow treatment protocols may continue to infect others.

3. Development of drug resistance: Non-adherence to medical advice can lead to the development of drug resistance, which can make it more difficult to treat certain diseases and infections.

4. Increased healthcare costs: Non-adherence to medical advice can lead to increased healthcare costs, as patients may require additional treatments or hospitalizations due to their failure to follow treatment protocols.

5. Reduced productivity: Non-adherence to medical advice can reduce the productivity of the patient, as they may be unable to work or carry out their daily activities due to their health condition.

6. Negative impact on public health: Non-adherence to medical advice can have a negative impact on public health, as it can lead to the spread of infectious diseases and other health conditions, which can affect the wider community.

 

 

(9a)
(PICK ANY ONE)
The executive arm of government in Nigeria is one of the three branches of government, alongside the legislative and judicial branches. The executive arm of government in Nigeria plays a crucial role in governance, policy implementation, and the administration of the country. Its primary function is to execute laws, provide effective leadership, and ensure the well-being and progress of the nation and its citizens. It comprises of the Police, Arm Forces and different ministries and parastatals. The President of Nigeria is the head of state and the head of government.

OR

The executive arm of government in Nigeria is one of the three branches of government. It is responsible for implementing and executing laws, policies, and programs that govern the country. The President of Nigeria is the head of the executive branch, and the office is held by the individual elected through a national election. It comprises of the Police, Arm Forces and different ministries and parastatals.

(9b)
(PICK ANY SIX)
(i)Implementation of Laws: The executive branch is responsible for implementing and enforcing laws passed by the legislature.

(ii)Protection of Civil Liberties: The executive branch is responsible for safeguarding the civil liberties and rights of citizens.

(iii)Executive Leadership: The executive arm provides leadership and direction to the government.

(iv)Checks and Balances: The executive branch acts as a check and balance on other branches of government.

(v)International Relations: The executive arm represents the country in international affairs and diplomatic relations.

(vi)Crisis Management and National Security: The executive branch is responsible for managing crises and ensuring national security.

(vii)Accountability to the Legislature and the People: The executive branch is accountable to the legislature and ultimately to the people.

 

 

 

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