WAEC Government Questions and Answers 2022 (Theory & Obj 100% Verified Expo)
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(4)
(i) A state is a territorial association of people with defined boundaries, while Government is an administrative institution within a state.
(ii) A state is more inclusive and therefore greater than government i.e. it embraces all the people and associations within a given area while Government is not as inclusive as the state.
(iii) A state is a continuing entity. It is therefore permanent. It can hardly be overthrown or changed. while Government is a temporary institution. It only lasts over a period of time. It can be overthrown
(iv) A state depends on government in carrying out its activities. while Government is the machinery by which the functions of a state are performed.
(v) A state has its elements, as population, territory, government and sovereignty. Government has its main organs as the legislature, executive and judiciary.
(6)
(i) Settlement of disputes: The traditional rulers performed some judicial functions by settling dispute among the people in their community
(ii) Creation of law enforcement: They also created law enforcement institutions like e.g age grades and masquerade to enable them maintain law and order in the community.
(iii) The use of ancestral spirits: The ancestral spirits were used by the traditional rulers to control their subjects which they believ guides their footseps.
(iv) The use of sanction and punishments: These measures were applied against law breakers in the community, e.g banishment.
(v) The introduction of rewards: people who had contributed to the development of their areas were rewarded with titles or distribution of land and war booty.
(vi) Appointment of Chiefs: Chiefs were appointed by traditional rulers in order to use them to control their subjects
(vii) Conscription of youths: The traditional rulers conscripted youths to perform forced labour and serve in the British army during the world wars.
(9a)
E-Government is defined as the employment of the internet and the world wide web for delivering government information and services to the citizen. E-government describes the use of technology to facilitate the operation of government and the dispersement of information and services.
(9b)
(PICK ANY FIVE)
(i) Ultimate goal: The ultimate goal of the E government is to be able to offer an increased portfolio of public services to citizens in an efficient and cost effective manner. E-government allows for government transparency. This is important because it allows the public to be informed about what the government is working on as well as the policies they are trying to implement.
(ii) Efficient performance: Many changes such as marital status or addresses can be a long process and take a lot of paper work for citizens. E-government allows these tasks to be performed efficiently with more convenience to individuals.
(iii) Political participation: E-government is an easy way for the public to be more involved in political campaigns. It could increase voter awareness which could lead to an increase in citizen participation in elections.
(iv) Convenient and cost effective: It is convenient and cost-effective for businesses and the public benefits by getting easy access to the most current information available without having to spend time, energy and money to get it.
(v) Accessibility: E-government helps to simplify processes and makes access to government information more easily accessible for public sector agencies and citizen
(vi) Accountability: E Government transparency will give insight to the public on how decisions are made and hold elected officials or accountable for their actions. The public public servants could become a direct and prominent influence in government legislation to some degree.
(vii) Interaction with computers: E government allows the citizen to interact with computers to achieve objectives at any time and any location and eliminates the necessity for physical travel to government agents sitting behind desks and windows.
(viii) Quicker processing time: Improved accounting and record keeping can be noted through computerization and information and forms can be easily accessed, equating quicker processing time.
